Page 22 - OPCFHK Annual Report 2020-21

亞洲區內保育工作 Regional Conservation Efforts

蒙古旱獺（通稱土撥鼠）：發展全面保育方案
Mongolian Marmot: Developing an All-round Protective Plan

保育基金資助了蒙古保育研究與教育中心，在 OPCFHK funded the Conservation Research and Education Center in
三 個 主 要 地 區， 包 括 Yamaat Bulag、Hiidiin Mongolia to carry out a comprehensive scientifi c research and community
Tuuri 及 Bumban Uhaa，展開綜合科學研究及 awareness campaign for the Mongolian marmot in three primary areas –
社區教育的活動，推 Yamaat Bulag, Hiidiin
行蒙古旱獺保育工 Tuuri and Bumban Uhaa.
The r esear ch team
作。研究團隊結合不 identifi ed a limited number
同方法，包括線樣調 of marmots and burrows
查、定點計數、無人 through a combination of
機及無人機影像拍攝 methods – line transects,
技術，發現到少數蒙 point counts, drones and
古旱獺和洞穴。自 UAV imaging techniques.
一九九零年以來，蒙 They found that marmot
古旱獺的分布已下降 distribution had decreased
了百分之九十九點 99.99% since 1990.
九九。 The researchers used
the environmental data
研究人員利用三個調 from the three survey
查地點的環境數據， sites to create a marmot
建立了一個蒙古旱獺 distribution model that
分布模型，用來預測 they could use to predict
不同土地類型是否適 habitat suitability across
合牠們棲息。透過分 © Conservation Research and Education Center different land types. Through
析，團隊發現全年平 their analysis, the team
均溫度對棲息地是否適合最為重要。團隊並利 discovered that the annual mean temperature contributed the most to
habitat suitability. Land data was used to assess habitat quality, and the
用土地數據來評估棲息地質素，發現當地和國 habitat quality in local and national protected areas were found to be high.
家保護區的棲息地質素較佳。
The research team also conducted a survey among 199 individuals from 50
研究團隊還在當地隨機抽取了五十個家庭、合 randomly selected households about their understanding and opinions on
共一百九十九人進行調查，了解他們對土地利 land use and the upcoming marmot conservation agreement. The majority
用和即將簽訂的蒙古旱獺保育協議的認識及看 of responses were favourable.
法，大多數均持正面回覆。 This project facilitated the creation of Local Protected Areas (LPA) in

這 個 研 究 項 目 促 成 了 Enger Shand Bag 及 Enger Shand Bag and Sumber Bag. Together, these areas total around
Sumber Bag 的保護區成立。保護區總面積約 150,000 hectares and are protected under the Self Governing Body of
十五萬公頃，受到喬巴山市自治政府二零二零 Choibalsan Soum's Resolution #2 of 2020. The project also identified
herder households that were interested in protecting the LPA when they
年第二號決議的監管。此外，項目向當地社群 introduced the marmot conservation agreement to the local community.
介紹蒙古旱獺保育協議時，亦找到一些牧民家 The team developed a handbook related to marmot conservation and
庭表示願意協助執行保護工作。團隊編制了有 more than 130 people received training. All these efforts created a positive
關蒙古旱獺的保育手冊，並為一百三十多人提 prospect for the recovery of the Mongolian marmot population.
供培訓，為恢復蒙古旱獺種群創造了美好前景。

學名 Marmota sibirica
Scienti c Name

概要 ႆ̚ণࡡɪ໊֢ٙɓ၇ᖏΚ⼖኉ͦਗيdՉකܱٙήݸ࿁Չ˼ণࡡਗيϾԊ݊ɤʱࠠࠅٙಐࢹʘהfႆ̚Һᖖ݊຅ήɤʱաᛇڎ
Overview ٙࠠࠅ࠮ҿdίࢀ֙͋Չ᜗ۨ௰ɽࣛ຾੬஗ࣉᓳf
An endangered rodent species that lives as a group on the grasslands of Mongolia. The burrows they make are an important
habitat for other grassland species. Marmots are an important ingredient in many popular, local dishes and are frequently
hunted when they are at their heaviest in late summer.
保育狀況 ᖏΚ
Conservation Status Endangered*
估計數量 ܵᚃಯˇiІ ϋৎdᅰඎʊɨൻə
Estimated Population Decreasing; since 1990, the population has dropped 99.99%
棲息地類型 ᙺ˝ήʿণࡡ
Type of Habitat Shrubland and grassland
主要威脅 ͟׵ܱᘤʿཀܓ׳ىኬߧಐࢹήఄ̰iЪމͤˣ९ҿձ࠮ҿ஗ɛᗳࣉᓳ
Major Threats Loss of habitat due to mining and overgrazing, as well as poaching for fur and meat
* 根據世界自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄
According to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

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